Diagnosis of boundary-layer circulations.

Observations of mesoscale and boundary-layer circulations affecting dust uplift and transport in the Saharan boundary layer

Secondary circulations in rotating-flow boundary layers

The rotating-flow boundary layer is a special case of the more general threedimensional boundary layer in which the pressure gradient imposed by the outer flow (above the boundary layer) is not in the same direction as the outer flow. The rotating-flow boundary layer thus has motion that is transverse to the streamlines of the outer flow, that is, there is a secondary circulation to the primary...

Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation

Surface inhomogeneities, including boundaries between different types of vegetations and land use patterns, have important effects on the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer. Changes in the surface roughness, temperature and wetness make the planetary boundary layer (PBL) nonhomogeneous and produce substantial horizontal gradients of boundary layer properties. Significant differences in...

A Neural Network for Tornado Diagnosis

There exist radar-based algorithms designed to detect circulations in the atmosphere. Not all detected circulations, however, are associated with tornados on the ground. Outlined herein, is the development of a multi-layered perceptron designed to classify the two types of circulations-nontornadic and tornadic-based on various attributes of the circulations. Special emphasis is placed on the ro...

Aerosol-Cloud-Drizzle-Turbulence Interactions in Boundary layer Clouds

The scientific objectives are to: 1) document the structure and characteristics of entrainment circulations in marine stratocumulus and fair-weather-cumuli, 2) characterize the vertical distribution of drizzle and how it relates to cloud and mesoscale circulations; 3) investigate the relative role of cloud thickness, cloud turbulence intensity, and aerosols on drizzle production; 4) study the p...